趋磁细菌的特点及其纳米磁小体的合成条件

Characteristics of Magnetotactic Bacteria and Biosynthesis Conditions of Nano-magnetosomes

综述了趋磁细菌及其胞内纳米磁小体的特性,评述了趋磁细菌磁小体形成的条件及影响因素。在分析趋磁细菌大量培养和影响磁小体形成因素的基础上,指出了细胞培养和磁小体产量提高所存在的问题及解决途径。提出了趋磁细菌形成磁小体的机制和生理意义的假说:大量Fe2+运入细胞是在低氧浓度的胁迫下,以Fe3+作为电子最终受体呼吸并跨膜转运的结果;避免大量进入细胞的Fe2+对自身的毒害作用是其进一步转化为Fe3O4原因;提出在细胞膜内表面形成Fe3O4并包裹等新观点。

Characteristics of magnetotactic bacteria and magnetosomes were summarized in this paper. Conditions and affecting factors for magnetosomes formation were reviewed. Problems for mass culture of magnetotactic bacteria and enhancement of magnetosomes yields were indicated. Methods to resolve these problems were proposed. A hypothesis involved in mechanism and physiological function of magnetosomes formation was suggested. Ferrous irons were transported into magnetotactic bacteria cells resulted in ferric iron transportation through membranes as electron acceptors under stresses of low oxygen levels. It is to avoid cytotoxicity of ferrous iron and further transform to Fe3O4 on surface of inner membrane the reason of magnetosome formation.