我国义务教育经费配置公平性的实证研究——基于教育基尼系数的测算与分析

An Empirical Study on Educational Finance Disparities in Compulsory Education in China Based on Education Gini Coefficient

本文选择基尼系数作为测度指标,利用1995—2004年间的全国省级数据以及城乡数据对我国义务教育经费配置的公平程度进行了统计分析。研究发现,从1995年到2004年间,虽然生均预算内事业经费支出不断趋向于增长,但是,地区之间的生均教育经费水平仍然存在很大差异,尤其是城乡之间的差异更加明显。因此,作为义务教育发展主要承担者的政府,应该采取一系列有力的措施来促进该问题的尽快解决。

Based on province- level and rural- level data,this paper calculates the Gini coefficient to assess the degree of compulsory education equality in China between 1995 and 2004. The result shows that educational finance per student has increased remarkably since 1995, but there are substantial regional disparities in the level of education finance per student among these provinces, especially rural - urban disparities is more obvious. Therefore, as a leader in charge of compulsory education, government should work out a set of educational policies promote the balanced development of compulsory education.