鄱阳湖鱼类资源及渔业利用

Fish resources and fishery utilization of Lake Poyang

1997年冬至2000年春,对我国最大淡水湖鄱阳湖的鱼类与渔业利用状况进行了调查．在1955年至2000年期间,鄱阳湖累计记录鱼类136种,隶属于25科78属;其中鲤科鱼类最多,有71种,占总种数的52．2%,其次是鲿科,12种,占8．8%,本次调查期间共记录鱼类101种,新记录鱼类6种,即亮银鮈、洞庭小鳔鮈、光唇蛇鮈、短须鱊、方氏鳑鮍和粘皮鲻鰕虎鱼．还分析了该湖鱼类区系组成的变化、主要渔具的渔获物组成特征以及渔产量动态,提出了未来湖泊渔业可持续发展的建议．

An investigation on fish resources and fishery utilization of Lake Poyang, the largest freshwater lake in China, was carried out from winter 1997 to spring 2000. During the period of 1955 -2000, the accumulated number of 136 species, belonging to 25 families and 78 genera, was recorded in Lake Poyang. The largest of families was the Cyprinidae （71 species）, contributing 52.2% to the total; the second was the Bagridae （ 12 species）, accounting for 8.8%. During this investigation, 101 species were recorded, and 6 new records were found, which were Squalidus nitens （GUnther）, Microphysogobio tungtingensis （Nichols）, Saurogobio gymnocheilus Lo , Yao et Chert, Acheilognathus barbatulus Giinther, Rhodeus fangi （Miao）, Mugilogobius myxodermus （Herre）. Moreover, fish composition in catch from several important fishing gears and the dynamic change in fish yield were analyzed, and some suggestions on the sustainable fisheries development were proposed.