中国阿片类药物依赖治疗回顾

OPIOID DEPENDENCE TREATMENT IN CHINA

阿片类药物依赖是一种反复发作的脑疾病,是一个涉及到生理、心理、行为的医学和社会问题,其治疗也是一个长期而又艰难的过程。本文系统回顾了中国近15年阿片类药物依赖的各种治疗方法。丁丙诺啡、美沙酮治疗阿片类药物依赖的效果已得到基本的肯定,其中美沙酮维持治疗在中国内地刚刚起步,目前效果比较理想,但远期效果还有待观察。纳曲酮在预防复吸方面具有肯定的疗效。而无论何种治疗手段,辅以社会心理干预均能较好地巩固疗效和预防复吸。

Opioid dependence is a brain disease which attacks recurrently. It is a medical and social problem that relates closely to physiology, psychology and behavious. The treatment is a difficult and long -term process. This article reviews all years in China. The effect of buprenorphine kinds of treatment for opioid dependence in recent fifteen and methadone is confirmed for opioid dependence. Methadone maintenance treatment is just beginning. It is very effective at present. But its long -term efficacy is to be confirmed. Naltrexone has positive effect on preventing relapse. But no matter what kind of treatment, it is much effective if social psychological intervention is added.