肌组织对耐力性运动适应能力的生理学分析

Physiological Analysis of Muscle Adaptations to Endurance Exercise

在耐力性运动中,有氧代谢是机体能量供应的1种主要方式,肌组织对有氧训练的适应能力是通过训练中肌肉的主动性运动而获取的。这些适应能力依靠运动训练的持续性而存在或发展;随运动训练的停止而减弱或消退。本文就肌纤维的类型、线粒体的含量、毛细血管的分布、血流量等方面分析了耐力性运动中肌组织在有氧代谢过程中所产生的适应性变化的机制以及运动强度和持续时间等外界因素对这种生理变化过程的影响。

Aerobic metabolism is the mainstay of energy provision in endurance exercise. Training adaptations are induced in the muscles actively used in the exercise; these adaptations are sustained by continued activity and lost following inactivity, In this article, the mechanisms of the muscle adaptations to the aerobic metabolism during the endurance exercise are analyzed through the muscle fiber type, the mitochondrial content, the capillarity density and the blood flow capacity, also the outside influences on the physiological process from the training intensity and duration are described.