垄膜沟灌栽培对制种玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响

Effects of Ridge Cultivation with Plastic Film Mulching-Furrow Irrigation on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Seed Corn

对制种玉米在垄膜沟灌和条膜覆盖两种栽培方式下的产量和水分利用效率进行了对比研究,结果表明:垄膜沟灌栽培具有较好的增产、节水、增温效应,与对照条膜栽培相比,5～25 cm土层地温提高0.92℃;在相同的灌溉定额下,制种玉米千粒重增加9.94～46.01 g,穗粒数增加6.10～46.78粒,增产1.63%～40.44%,水分利用效率提高4.17%～34.16%;垄膜沟灌栽培条件下制种玉米适宜灌溉定额为450 mm,与对照相比,节水1 500 m3.hm-2,与当地大田灌溉定额720 mm相比,节水2 700 m3.hm-2,节水效果显著。

Study the yield and water use efficiency of seed corn by the cultivation methods of ridge with plastic film mulching-furrow irrigation and strip plastic film mulching, the results showed that ridge with plastic film mulching-furrow irrigation method possess better effect of increasing seed corn yield, saving irrigation water and soil temperature raising. Compared with strip plastic film mulching method,soil temperature of 5-25 cm soil layer raised O. 92℃, when the water irrigation volume is same , the thousand-grain weight and seeds per spike of seed corn increased 9.94-46. O1 g and 6.10-46.78 respectively, and the yield increased by 1.63%-40.44%,water use efficiency increased by 4.17%- 34.16%. Under the circumstance of ridge with plastic film mulching-furrow irrigation cultivation, the suitable irrigation water volume is 450 mm, which saved water 1 500 m^3.hm^-2 compared with CK, saved water 2 700 m^3.hm^-2 compared with local farm irrigation water volume 720 mm, the watersaving effect is very obvious.