不下堂筵,坐穷泉壑——郭熙山水画审美功能论刍议

The Aesthetic Function Theory of Guo Xi in Landscape Painting

郭熙是北宋最杰出的画院派画家,他深得文人画家苏轼等人的推崇,在山水画史和山水画论史上具有特殊的地位。他提出的"不下堂筵,坐穷泉壑"的山水画审美功能论揭示了一个道理,即自然审美中仍然包含着伦理道德追求。自然审美的根本动因是人性的本然需求,人与社会生活的和谐相处也是人性的本然需要,人们在追求山水之乐的同时,也可以追求伦理道德的满足。自然审美不但调节着人与自然的关系,也调节着人与社会的关系。这也是今天的生态美学所要思考的主题。

Guo Xi was an outstanding painter in Northern Song Dynasty, and got high praise of Su Shi. He had special position in history of the landscape painting and landscape painting aesthetics. In such special position, Guo Xi applied aesthetics of the landscape painting into one transitional period. He proposed that ＂appreciate the natural beauty just at home＇. In the aesthetic function theory , Guo Xi pointed that appreciating the natural beauty and pursuing moral can be unified together, because appreciating the nature and pursuing moral are all natural instinct demands of the life. In Guo Xig aesthetic thought, appreciating the nature not only regulaes the relation between people and nature, but aslo regulaes the relation between people and people, and people and society . This is a thinking theme of ecological aesthetics too.