马来西亚工业化政策及其发展模式:从比较研究的视角

Malaysian Industrialization Policies and Development Model:a Comparative Study

在东亚准新兴工业化国家中,马来西亚的经济发展水平名列前茅。这主要得益于马来西亚成功的工业化模式。尤其是马来西亚的工业化经历了进口替代第二阶段重化工业的发展,其经济实力与商品贸易出口能力大为加强。马来西亚政府在工业化发展进程中扮演了“强干预”的角色,并提供了符合工业化发展内在要求的综合性组合政策。马来西亚的经验表明,推行进口替代第二阶段并非是阻碍发展中国家经济增长与发展的因素,在经济全球化背景下,发展中国家的工业化发展仍然需要被主流学说斥之为“肮脏”的工业化政策。

Malaysian economic development is one of the best among East Asian newly industrializing countries. This is attributed mainly to its industrial policies adopted by Malaysian govemment leading to a successful model of industrialization. In comparison with other East Asian developing countries in particular, Malaysian industrialization has undergone the development stage of heavy industry, or, import substitution Ⅱ that has greatly strengthened its economic strength as well as competitiveness of export commodities. Malaysian government is playing a role of strong interference in the process of its industrialization and providing comprehensive combinational policies that are in accord with internal requirement of industrial development. Thus, Malaysian experience of Industrialization proved that the implementation of import substitution Ⅱ is not the major factor hindering economic growth and development, and industrial policies which are denounced by main stream doctrines as ＂duty＂ for distorting prices and nourishing corruption are still needed.