基于仿真模型的太阳能光伏电池阵列特性的分析

Analysis characteristics of photovoltaic arrays using simulation

为了寻找更好的实现光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪控制方法,基于仿真模型,研究了太阳能光伏电池阵列的特性。采用Matlab/Simulink模块,基于单个光伏电池的物理特性建立了太阳能光伏电池阵列的仿真模型。模型不但能分析太阳能光伏电池阵列所具有的随着光照强度和温度不同而变化的P-U和I-U非线性特性,而且可仿真太阳能光伏电池阵列工作在最大功率点以及稳定工作区域内时具有线性关系,并进行了理论推导。该模型简单明了,计算速度快。仿真结果表明:仿真与实验结果相符合,当光伏阵列工作在稳定区域内的情况下,dP/dU与I存在线性关系,模型具有通用性与实用性。

Photovoltaic array simulations can be used to find better methods to implement maximum power point tracking （MPPT） control for efficient solar power systems. An accurate and practical model for photovoltaic arrays was developed using simulink blocks for the photovoltaic cell mechanisms. The model can simulate both the P-U and I-U characteristics of photovoltaic arrays for any insolation level and ambient temperature. The near linearity of the dP/dU versus I were illustrated by the simulations and then proved theoretically. The photovoltaic model is quite simple and fast. Simulations and measurements on a 300 W photovoltaic array show that the model is versatile and accurate and can be used to analyze photovoltaic array characteristics.