农村艾滋病患者3例总体幸福感调查

The case interview of three rural AIDS patients′ genereal well-being

目的深入了解和探讨农村艾滋病患者在疾病困扰中总体幸福感的变化以及影响因素。方法用质性研究中现象学的研究方法,以总体幸福感量表中的问题作为指引,对山西省某乡镇3位艾滋病患者进行面对面的深度访谈和观察,并小组讨论,运用主题分析法,找出影响其总体幸福感的主题因素。结果艾滋病患者总体幸福感表现为:①对个人健康担忧,但对治疗前景充满信心;②接受免费治疗,身体状况好转,有精力可从事基本的日常生活;③易于满足,限于最基本的物质生活满足;④抑郁、焦虑等不良情绪多与健康、家庭经济、社会歧视有关;⑤患病初需对自杀意念、冲动等不良情感和行为进行控制;⑥整体生活状态松弛,不紧张。其影响因素有:农村特有的生活环境、生活水平、社会支持、健康状况、患者原有的人格状态、病程长短、社会歧视等。结论农村艾滋病患者总体幸福感比预想的高,这与当地生活水平低、社会支持工作开展,期望值低有关。

Objective To explore the genereal well-being of the rural AIDS patients. Methods Three AIDS patients in Shanxi province were interviewed according to the genereal well-being schedule （GWS） and phenomenology in qualitative research. Then the recorded information was analyzed by theme analysis to find meaningful research topics. Results Six major topics on genereal well-being were found： worrying about health but believe to be cured, having vigour to maintain living, low living requirement, depression related to unhealth and low income etc, having to control suicidal ideations, loosening living rhythm. Its influential factors having relevanted social supporting and the AIDS patients＇ personality and country circumstance. Conclusion The rural AIDS patients＇ genereal well-being is high, it is related to ,social supporting, country circumstance and low living requirement.