某节能灯制造厂技改前后汞危害调查

Alleviation of Occupational Mercury Hazards after Technical Modification in an Energy-saving Lamps Plant

目的了解节能灯制造企业在技术改造前后汞作业环境及工人身体健康状况变化,评价技术改造效果。方法开展现场职业卫生学调查,收集技改前后工作场所中汞浓度和职业接触人群的尿汞资料及健康资料,比较改造前后的变化。结果技改前后作业场所汞浓度分别为(0.0242±0.0047)和(0.0160±0.0027)mg/m^3,工人尿汞合格率分别为50.37%和78.52%,差异均有统计学意义。结论以汞齐合金代替金属汞的生产工艺,可改善作业环境,使车间空气中汞浓度降低,工人尿汞值明显下降,汞齐合金取代金属汞可以控制汞的职业危害。

Objective The change of mecury concentration at workplace and worker＇s health status in an energysaving lamps plant before and after technical modification was investigated to evaluate the effectives of technical modification. Methods The mercury concentration at workplaces was measured and health examinations of 135 workers exposed to mercury was done and their urinary mercury level was measured before and after the plant took the technical modification. The results were compared. Results The mercury concentrations at workplaces before and after technological modification were 0.0242 ± 0.0047 and 0.0160 ±0.0027 mg/m^3, respectively. The compliance rate of urinary mercury level were 50.37% and 78.52%. There were significant difference between these two times. Conclusion The technical process, in which mercury amalgam is used istead of mercury, can improve the working environment and reduce the concentration of mercury at workplace and consequentially the worker＇s urinary mercury significantly decrease. These demonstrated that the technical modification is effective to control the occupational hazards of mercury.