膜法与蒸馏法海水淡化方法的技术经济比较

Techno-economic Comparison between the Membrane Method and Distillation Process of Sea Water Desalination

简述了膜法与蒸馏法海水淡化原理,指出蒸馏法从汽轮机抽取蒸汽将减少发电量,以抽取蒸汽的发电量折算,则蒸汽价格比目前所见蒸馏法运行经济数据高得多。作者对国内运行的多级闪蒸、低温多效和多套反渗透海水淡化装置进行了现场考察,比较分析了其制水综合成本和运行成本。比较结果表明:多级闪蒸法高于低温多效法,多级闪蒸法和低温多效法高于反渗透法,反渗透法海水淡化加一级反渗透与低温多效法相当。因此,沿海火力发电厂解决供水问题,采用反渗透法海水淡化系统是首选方案。

The paper briefs the membrane method and distillation process desalination principles of sea water, indieates that,the distillation process with the extraction steam from steam turbine will reduce the electricity generation,with the electricity generation from the extracted steam to convert,the steam price is much higher than the operation economic data of currently used distillation process.The authors carried out the on-site investigations on the operated at home,multistage flashing evaporation,low temperature multi-effect desalination （LT-MED）and several sets of reverse osmosis （RO）sea water desalination equipment,and compared and analyzed their comprehensive water preparation cost and operation cost.The comparison results showed that,the cost of multistage flashing was higher than that of LT-MED,The costs of multistage flashing and LT-MED were higher than that of RO,while the RO sea water desalination plus one stage RO was about equal to LT-MED.Consequently,the RO sea water desalination system is the first-selected scheme for solving the water supply problem of coastal thermal power plant.