大学生社会支持和应对方式与抑郁和焦虑情绪的关系

Association of Social Support and Coping Styles with Depression and Anxiety Among Undergraduates

目的了解大学生的社会支持和应对方式与抑郁和焦虑情绪的关系,为大学生的心理健康教育提供支持。方法采用分层整群抽样法抽取广州某综合大学1447名学生,用自填问卷对他们的心理压力应对方式、社会支持、郁量和焦虑情绪进行调查。结果大学生的压力应对方式以积极的心理调节为主,自我防御和外部疏导使用较少。社会支持平均总得分为36.29分,不同亚群大学生间社会支持情况差异有统计学意义。有35.29%的学生可能或肯定有抑郁症状,有16.16%的大学生有焦虑症状。社会支持、积极的应对方式与抑郁、焦虑呈负关联,而消极的应对方式则与抑郁、焦虑呈正关联。结论社会支持和应对方式对大学生的心理健康状况有影响作用。

Objective To explore association of social support and coping style with depressive and anxious disorders in undergraduates, and to provide support for their mental health education. Methods A total of 1 447 undergraduates were sampled with stratified cluster random sampling from a comprehensive university in Guangzhou. They were inquired with a self-administered questionnaire about their coping styles, social support, depression and anxiety. Results The students mainly used active mental regulative mechanism for coping with psychological stress, by contrast, they less employed self-defense and exterior dredging mechanisms. The average score of social support was 36.29, and there was a significant difference of social support score in different subgroup students. About 35.29% of the students definitely or probably had depressive symptoms, and 16.16% of them had anxiety symptoms. There was a negative association between social support and positive coping styles and depression or anxiety. Passive coping styles were positively associated with depression and anxiety. Conclusion Social support and coping styles can affect the students＇ psychological health.