英美医疗保险体系比较研究及对中国的启示

A Comparison of the UK and US Medical Insurance System and the Indication to China

各国的医疗保险体系究其实质都是政府安排与市场机制的某种混合体,政府作用权重的大小以及政府介入的途径在事实上塑造了不同模式的医疗保险体系。那么,究竟什么样的政府与市场组合是最理想的?要回答这个问题,必须首先明确是什么因素决定了一国医疗保险体系中政府和市场的定位。本文将综合历史的和静态的视角,深入研究英国和美国的医疗保险体系,以期很好地理解是哪些因素、以何种方式决定了一国的政府与市场在医疗保险体系中的角色定位,由此对中国医疗保险体系问题的研究提供一些帮助。

The research on different countries＇ medical insurance system shows that the essence of all these system is a combination of government arrangement with market mechanism. The weighting of government role and the government＇s route of participation give rise to different model of medical insurance systems. Having said that, then what is the most ideal combination of the government and the market？ To answer this question, we must first of all understand what the factors affecting the positioning of government and market＇s role in their respective system. The paper presents a historic al and static perspective on this issue. It launched an in-depth study on the UK and US medical insurance systems aiming to uncover the factors and in what way these factors decide on the role of government and market in the system. Hopefully, this research will offer some help to studies on China＇s medical insurance system.