社会分层和弱势群体的继续教育

Stratification and Continuing Education for the Disadvantaged

中国的经济改革和社会性人口流动使职业重新区分和组合,导致了社会阶层的重构。大量农村劳动力涌入新兴工商业实体,由于缺乏充足的职前教育培训准备,缺乏可利用的社会、文化和经济资源,居住的社区缺乏社会服务设施,他们长期陷入不利境地,成为弱势群体。教育有两重性,既可以促进一个人向上流动,也有社会分层和阻碍向上流动的作用。继续教育作为第二次机会,政府的投资和转移支付应该着重放在公共空间的建设,改善弱势群体社会活动的基础设施和环境,便于不同的教育服务机构和志愿者进入,为弱势群体提供切身需要的教育培训和服务。

Economic reform and population mobility have led to re-stratification of the workforces by expanding employment in the emerging manufacturing and service industries.Large rural workforees have moved into urban areas or suburbs.However,due to lack of adequate education,of such re- sources as social capital,cultural capital and economic capital,and of facilities and service in their communities,they are trapped at bottom of the society,which have made them disadvantaged.Edu- cation has a dual effect.Adequate education helps one move up or lack of it can trap one at the bot- tom.Continuing education provides the secondary opportunity to the disadvantaged.The government investment and fiscal transfer should aim at building up public facilities and infrastructure in the com- munities of the disadvantaged.Those would provide a public sphere and allow a variety of non-profit organizations and volunteers to provide education and services for the needs of the disadvantaged.