论现阶段我国府际关系面临的主要问题——从法制的视角分析

On Main Problems Confronting China's Inter-governmental Relations Nowadays——In View of Legalization

府际关系是各级政府间的互动关系,包括中央与地方政府间、地方各级政府间的纵向关系,以及同级地方政府间、没有隶属关系的不同级别地方政府间的横向关系。纵向府际关系较多地体现各层级政府间的权力关系和财政关系,横向府际关系较多地体现经济利益关系,在经济利益的推动下,横向府际关系表现为竞争、合作和冲突的形式。另外,不论是分析纵向府际关系,还是分析横向府际关系,中央与地方的关系都是一个不可忽视的重要方面。基于此,对我国府际关系面临的主要问题的分析从中央与地方的关系、府际事权的划分、府际财权的分配、地方政府间竞争、地方政府间合作五个方面进行。对于问题的分析是从法制的视角进行的,解决问题的对策也将从府际关系法制化的角度来考虑。

Inter-governmental relations （viz. IGR） mean the interaction among all levels of governments, including vertical IGR that refer to the interaction between central government and local governments, as well as the interaction between higher levels and lower levels of local governments ; and horizontal IGR that refer to the interaction among the same level of local gove.rnments, and the interaction among the different levels of local governments without affiliated connections. Vertical IGR is mostly embodied by the power and financial relations between government of all levels, and horizontal IGR is mostly represented by the economical relations. Under the push of economical interests, vertical IGR is shown in form of competition, cooperation and conflict. On the other hand, whether we analyze vertical IGR or horizontal IGR, the relations between the central government and local governments is indispensable. Basis on this, the major problems confronting IGR should be analyzed from five aspects as relationship between central government and local governments, the distribution of inter-governmental affairs, the division of inter-governmental financial affairs, the competition among local governments, and the cooperation among local governments. The analysis on the problems is carried our in view of legality, and the countermeasures are also to be considered from the viewpoint of IGR.