四川南充市郊不同生境地表甲虫物种多样性

Species Diversity of Litter-layer Beetles in Suburds of Nanchong City,Sichuan Province

2005年3月-4月间,分别在南充市郊选择人工次生林、河漫滩杂草丛、麦田和油菜田4种生境,共设置样地20块,以巴氏罐诱法进行不同生境下地表甲虫群落组成和多样性变化的研究.共采集甲虫标本1085号,分属18个科.其中隐翅虫和步甲的个体数量较多,分别占个体总数的45.25%和25.99%,为该地区地表甲虫的优势类群.甲虫群落的物种多样性分析表明,所有甲虫和隐翅虫个体数量在人工次生林中较高;步甲在麦田中较高.物种多样性指数,均匀度指数和物种丰富度指数分布都比较均匀,在河漫滩杂草丛中物种多样性指数和均匀度指数相对较高,物种丰富度指数以人工次生林较高.相似性指数大部分为极不相似水平.以上结果表明,生境类型和植被多样性影响南充市郊地表甲虫群落的物种多样性和相似度,人为干扰及生境环境的破坏对地表甲虫物种多样性的自然分布规律也有一定的影响.

The community structure and diversity of litter-layer bettles in four habitats, i.e. artificial and secondary forests, the bush of the suburbs, wheat field and rape field, are surveyed from March to April in 2005. We chose 20 samples, and barber trap was employed. Totally eighteen beetle families were found in the 1085 captured specimens. Staphylinidae and Carabidae were the dominant groups accounting for 45.25% and 25.99% of the total comes. Artificial and secondary forests showed relatively higher abundance than the other habitats when we considered all beetles together, or Staphylinidae only; Carabidae was get more abundant in wheat field. There were no remarkable difference to be found in the values of species diversity（H）, evenness（J） and richness（S）, comparisons were made between the four habitats, when the bush of the suburbs showed a relative high value of species diversity and evenness, while artificial and secondary field had the highest value of richness. There were almost remarkable difference in the value of similarity between the four habitats. Based on these results, we can conclude that habitat difference and vegetation diversity may influence species diversity and comtx）sition similarity of the litter-layer bettle communities; man-made disturb and distruction of habitats may influence the natural patterns of changes of litter-layer beetle diversity in the studied region.