仙人掌绿色素的提取及稳定性研究

Study on the extraction and stability of green pigment in cactus

研究了墨西哥“米邦塔”仙人掌绿色素的提取工艺及光、热、微波、碳水化合物、常见的金属离子、有机酸和防腐剂等因素对仙人掌绿色素的影响,并研究了该色素的耐酸碱性、耐氧化性和耐还原性。结果表明:以无水乙醇为提取剂、料液比为2∶5、60℃条件下浸提40min,进行2次浸提效果最佳,且微波对浸提有一定的促进作用;该色素在中性和近中性溶液中相对稳定,有两个吸收峰分别在410nm和670nm处;对光、热、氧化剂敏感,对弱还原剂较稳定;在部分碳水化合物、有机酸、食盐、防腐剂溶液中不稳定;在金属离子中,除Na+、K+、Mg2+外,大多数金属离子对该色素无不良影响。

In this paper, the extraction craft and the effects of light, temperature, microwave, carbohydrates, several common metal ions, organic acid and antiseptics on the stability of the Mexico cactus of Milpalta green pigment were studied. At the same time the characters of antacid-base, oxidation resistance and reconditions resistance of the pigment were discussed in this paper. The results showed that ethanol was used as the solvent, and the optimum extraction condition was the that ratio of solid to liquid 2：5, temperature 60℃ and alcohol immersing extraction time 40min and twice immersion the best. Microwave had the hasten impact on extraction. The pigment had relative stability in neuter and near neuter liquid. The maximum absorption peak was 410nm or 670nm. The pigment was sensitive to light, temperature and H2O2 ,and nelatively stable to Na2SO3. The pigment had instability to ions had no harmful effects to partial the carbohydrates, organic acid, salt and antiseptics liquid. Majority metal pigment, aside from Na^ ＋ , K^ ＋ , Mg^2 ＋