西安古都的四大城址及其变迁的地理基础

Four Great Townsites of Ancient Xi’an and the Geographical Basis of Their Transitionary

西安是中国历史前半期繁荣昌盛王朝周、秦、汉、唐的都城。西周丰镐、秦咸阳城、汉长安城与隋唐长安城四大城址的变迁与转移代表着西安城市发展的历史地理轨迹。中国历史前半期总是定都长安是由其所在的关中平原在中国的宏观地理形势所决定的。这里为天下上游，交通四达；金城千里，四塞为固；天府之国，富饶之地。周、秦、汉、唐四大城址具体位置的转移，除了各代特殊的社会政治条件外，主要是由西安小平原在关中的位置及其本身特殊的自然面貌所决定的。西安周边八水环绕、资源丰饶、原隰相间、地面辽阔，同时又处于整个关中的中部水陆交会的位置，因此古代城址即使再转移却还是总在今天的西安市周边。

Xi＇an is the capital of the auspicious Zhou Dynasty,Qin Dynasty,Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty which in the first half of Chinese history. The transitionary and shift of the four great townsites which is Fenghao n Western Zhou Dynasty, Xianya Dynasty, Chang＇an in Han Dynasty ng Ch n Qin ang＇an n Sui and Tang Dynasty are representing historical path of the urban development of Xi＇an. It is known that in the first half of the Chinese history, Chang＇an was always being regarded as the capital, which is based on the macro geographical situation of Guanzhong plain in Ch the conveni na. This wor ent transportat d upstream has ion, the firm cit） wall, solid mountain pass; abundance Land bountifu s shift in Dynasty, place. Why can Pre Zhou dynas Sui and Tang the four-big townsite ty, Qin Dynasty, Har Dynasty？ Besides each generation of special social politics condition, mainly is decided by the Xi＇an plain ir Guanzhong region＇s position and itself specia natural appearance. The Xi＇an periphera areas have eight water surround, abundanl resources; alternates with terrain of ridges ant depressions, the vast ground; Simultaneously t is in the entire Guanzhong region center, the amphibious junction meeting position, therefore the ancient times townsite shifts again actually always also in today Xi＇an peripheral areas