更年期女性心理健康状况与人格特征相关性研究

Correlation Between the Psychological Health and Personality Feature of Climacteric Women

目的了解更年期女性心理健康状况与人格特征之间的关系,为制订提高更年期女性心理健康和生活质量干预措施提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)与艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对715名更年期女性进行无记名调查。结果更年期女性SCL-90与全国成人常模比较,10个因子除躯体化和焦虑因子分高于常模外(均P<0.01),其余8个因子分类似(均P>0.05)或显著低于常模(P<0.01);城市更年期女性躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对6个因子分显著低于农村更年期女性(P<0.05,P<0.01),仅偏执因子分高于农村更年期女性(P<0.05);SCL-90各因子评分与EPQ各量表(除E量表与敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其他,P量表与其他,L量表与躯体化、强迫症状外)均有显著相关关系(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论更年期女性心理健康总体水平正常,其心理健康与个性特征密切相关;城市更年期女性心理健康水平及个性特征优于农村更年期女性。对农村更年期女性应给予更多的心理支持及健康教育,以提高其心理健康水平。

Objective To explore the correlation between psychological health of climacteric women and personality feature and provide reference for making nursing interventions to improve climacteric women＇s psychological heath and life quality. Methods SCL-90 and EPQ questionnarie were applied to test 715 climacteric women. Results Compared with the adult＇s norman of the nation, in 10 dimensions, the somatization and anxiety scores were significantly higher than the norman （all P〈0.01）, while the others were similar （P〉0.05） or significantly lower than the norman （P〈0.01） The dimensions of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and hostility in city climacteric women were significantly lower than those in countryside （P〈0. 05, P〈0.01）, only paranoid ideation score was higher （P〈0. 05） ; The SCL-90 has remarkable correlation with EPQ （except E scales with hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism and others; P scales with others; L scales with somatization and obsessive compulsive） （P〈0.05,P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The psychological health of climacteric women is normality, and there is a close correlation between psychological health and personality of climacteric women; the status of city climateric women is better than that in countryside. More psychological support and health education should be given to countryside climacteric women.