北京市社区老年人用药知识及行为调查

Knowledge and Behavior About Medication Use in Beijing Community-residing Older Adults

目的了解北京市社区老年人安全用药知识掌握情况及用药行为现状。方法采用便利取样方法抽取北京市社区110名≥60岁老年人进行问卷调查,了解其疾病及用药情况,用药知识及用药行为。结果85.5%老年人正在使用药物,平均每人服用2.96种药物。对安全用药知识掌握较低的内容依次为注射用药不一定比口服用药更好、更安全(50.9%);老年人合用多种药物易发生不良反应(60.0%);中药有不良反应(67.3%)。不良用药行为主要有用药前不太关心药物的不良反应(72.7%),患病时多药并用(69.1%),要求医生输液(52.7%),病情好转时自行停药或减少药量(52.7%)。结论社区老年人对用药安全的认识不足,存在一些不良用药行为。护士应利用各种机会为社区老年人提供相关信息并进行指导,同时帮助他们进行自我药物管理,使其更加规范、合理地用药。

Objective To investigate the knowledge and behavior about medication use in Beijing community-residing older adults. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 110 residents over 60 years old, selected by convenience sampling to investigate the prevalence of disease and medication, and their knowledge and behavior about medication use in Beijing communities. Results Among 110 older adults, 85.5% took medication, and mean number of drugs among users was 2.96 per capita. 50. 9 % realized that the effect of injection was not always better than oral drugs, 60. 0% knew polypharmaey was more likely to induce ADRs among the elderly and 67.3% were aware that Chinese medicine also had side effects. The most common errors associated with medication mismanagement included not paying attention to the side effects but the effects of the drugs （72. 7%）, taking more drugs （69. 1%） ,asking for transfusion （52. 7%）, and discontinuing prescriptions （52. 7%）. Conclusion Community-residing older adults are lack of knowledge about safety medication, and have some medication mismanagement. Nurses should take all teaching opportunities to provide relevant information to older adults, and help them medication self- management.