礼物与商品——以中国乡村土地集体占有为例

Gift and Commodity——Rural Collective Land Ownership in China as Example

对于中国的许多田野研究都关注到了礼物经济乃至关系运作的问题,但尚未注意到礼物经济能够在中国兴盛的基础,那就是土地的集体所有制。在土地集体所有制前提下,集体性这种礼物精神的核心得到了彰显和强化。从土地未曾私有这一前提出发,可以追溯中国为什么走上了一条不同于西方世界发展道路的原因。

Many researchers have been concerned about the question of gift economy and guanxi practice, but do not have given much more attention on the existential basis of the gift economy growing in modern China which is the collective land ownership. Under the preconditions of the collective land ownership, the collectivity as a core of gift mind has been displayed and strengthened. In terms of unprecedented land private ownership we can search for the reason why China takes a different economic development from the western world.