多棱镜中的历史——四种资本主义起源说评述

A Historical Analysis of the Four Propositions about the Origins of Capitalism in a Multipluralism

西方关于资本主义起源有商业说、人口说、生产方式与阶级斗争说和资本主义精神说等四种学派。社会是一个极其复杂、涉及面众多的庞大系统,影响其运动的变量很多,要考察其历史成因,应从多个角度考察才能接近真实,只有从与人类社会生活的多个层面入手才能触及本质。

This paper has some assessments on the four propositions about the origin of capitalism, that is, the propositions of commerce, population, production model, and class struggle and capitalist spirit. After a brief synopsis of them about the main ideas and masters, the author holds that a society is a complex and comprehensive system, there are many variables affecting its movement; we can not get to its truth about its historical stimuli without multiple approaches, and only through some studies concerning its essential parts can we touch the essence of the promoting forces of social movement.