奎因的整体知识论及其后果

Quine's Integral Theory and Its Consequences

奎因通过“语义上溯”,在“观察句”和“观察陈述”层面上建立外部刺激与科学理论之间的证据联系来解决知识论问题。奎因认为,由于观察范畴的假并不提供结论性的反驳,因而在理论和预言矛盾的情况下,我们绝不能指出某些引起这些矛盾的句子,相反,科学理论始终是作为整体的系统要么受到怀疑,要么被修正;科学认识中没有分析命题和综合命题的区分,也没有还原论的确证路径,哲学家和科学家在一条破船上航行,没有起点也没有终点。

In order to solve the problems of the theory of knowledge,Quine set up a relationship between theories and evidences by ＂semantic trace＂. Quine argues that the false of observation category from a scientific theory can not prove which part of the theory is wrong;On the contrary, the scientific theory is always be suspected or modified as a unitary system. There is no difference between analytical propositions and synthetical propositions,and there is no path to the verification of reducfive theory as well.The philosophers and the scientists have been sailing in a broken boat,seeing no destination and start.