中国干旱区的湖泊

Lakes in the Arid Areas in China

湖泊作为地表水的重要载体,参与自然系统的水分循环,这在世界干旱地区显得格外突出和重要。应用浏览软件(Google Earth),对2001-2005年中国干旱区湖泊进行判别,并结合有关实地调查资料得知,我国干旱区有大小湖泊近400个,其中,10 km2以上的有29个,10 km2以下的有334个,在我国3大自然地理区域中位居第二。开展干旱区湖泊的研究,对破解干旱区的气候变化和湖泊演变过程、形成特征,以及湖泊水生生物资源的科学开发利用和保护具有重要的理论和现实意义。

The arid areas in China are located in the Eurasian hinterland, where it belongs to the arid continental climate and precipitation occurs infrequently, however, the mountains are huge and high, the area of forming runoff is vast, and the good geological structure and hydrogeologic conditions provide the advantageous geographical environment of forming lakes in such arid areas. As an important carrier of surface water, lakes play an important role in water circle of natural systems, especially in the arid areas in the world, and they are extremely sensitive to climate change and disturbance of human activities. In this study, the lakes in the arid areas in China during the period of 2001 - 2005 are searched with Google Earth, and the searched results are analyzed and compared with the relative field-investigated data. The results reveal that there are about 400 lakes in various sizes in the arid areas in China, and they take the second place in the three main physical geographical regions. To study lakes in the arid areas has the important theoretical and practical significances for revealing the climate change and the evolution process and formation characteristics of the lakes and guiding the scientifically exploitation, utilization and conservation of lacustrian hydrobiological resources in the arid areas.