镉对农作物种子萌发·幼苗生长及2种氧化酶同工酶的影响

Effect of Cadmium on Crop Seed Germination and Young Seedling Growth and Two Isozymes

[目的]为了研究镉对农作物种子萌发、幼苗生长及POD和COD同工酶的影响。[方法]用不同浓度(10、20、40、60和80mg/kg)的镉溶液处理沙窝青萝卜、西葫、玉米、旱萝卜4种作物种子,测定了各自的发芽率、幼苗高度及主胚根长度。[结果]玉米与旱萝卜的发芽率,沙窝青萝卜、玉米和旱萝卜的幼苗高度均随镉浓度的增加而降低;镉对4种作物的胚根伸长抑制效应十分明显。经80mg/kg镉溶液处理的玉米和西葫根系中POD同工酶谱带数量明显减少,沙窝青萝卜和西葫根系中COD同工酶谱带变化明显。[结论]不同作物的发芽率、幼苗高度和根系生长对镉害的反应不同,镉对不同作物POD和COD同工酶也有不同的影响。该研究为早期检测镉对作物幼苗生长的有害效应及选择抗镉作物品种提供了依据。

[Objective] The study was conducted to study the effect of cadmium on the crop seed germination, seedling growth and POD and COD isozymes. [Method] 4 kinds of crop seeds of Shawo radish, pumpkin, maize and dry radish were .treated by cadmium solution with different concentrations （10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/kg） to determine their germination percentage, seedling height and length of main radicel. [Result] The germination percentages of maize and dry radish, and the seedling heights of Shawo radish, maize and dry radish were reduced with the increase of the cadmium concentration, The cadmium had a remarkable restraining effect on the length of main radicel of 4 kinds of crops. In the treatment with cadmium solution at 80 mg/kg, POD isozymes band spectrum amount in maize and pumpkin roots reduced obviously and the COD isozyme band spectrum in Shawo radish and pumpkin roots varied significantly. [Conclusion] The germination percentage, seedling height and root growth in different crops had different reactions on cadmium harm. The cadmium had different effects on POD and COD isozymes in different crops. The study provided a basis for early detecting the harm effect of cadmium on growth of crop seedling and selecting crop variety with cadmium resistance.