德庆贡柑资源群系主要数量性状遗传变异性研究

Study on Genetic Variability of Major Quantitative Traits of Resources Population Lines of Deqing Tribute Orange

[目的]为了研究德庆贡柑资源群系主要数量性状的遗传变异性。[方法]通过调查贡柑后代种质资源的性状表现,采用大样本进行多重分析对德庆贡柑资源群系主要数量性状的遗传变异性进行了研究。[结果]叶宽、树幅、果实纵径和果形指数的遗传变异系数最高,分别为66.92%、56.68%、54.57%和50.38%;单果重、可食率和果皮厚度的遗传变异系数较高,分别是54.57%、50.38%、43.69%、36.01%和31.07%;种子数、TSS和酸含量的遗传变异系数最低,分别为21.05%、23.48%和24.07%。幼龄贡柑树果实厚皮大果,水田种植的贡柑果实中等大、高糖高酸,旱坡地种植的贡柑中糖低酸高、口感好。果实品质有高糖高酸皮厚和高糖低酸皮薄类型,适合选育耐贮型或即食型的贡柑新品系。[结论]德庆贡柑资源群系主要数量性状表现较大差异的遗传变异性。树龄和土壤类型对贡柑果实品质有一定的影响。

[Objective]The purpose of the research was to study genetic variability of major quantitative traits of resources population lines of Deqing tribute orange. [Method] Through investigating trait exhibitions of germplasm resources of tribute orange offsprings, the genetic variability of major quantitative traits of resources population lines of Deqing tribute orange were＇studied with multiple analysis on large samples. [Result] Genetic variation coefficients of leaf width, tree breadth, fruit longitudinal diameter and fruit shape index were highest, being 66.92 %, 56.68 %, 54.57 % and 50.38 %, that of single fruit weight, edible rate and periearp thickness were higher, being 54.57 %, 50.38 %, 43.69 %, 36.01% and 31.07 % and that of seed number, TSS and acid content were lowest, being 21.05 %, 23.48 % and 24.07 %. Young tribute orange trees produced big fruits with thick periearp. The trees planted in paddy field produced mlddle-large fruits with high sugar and acid contents. Fruits in dry sloping field had low sugar and high acid contents and good tasting. Fruit qualities had two types of high sugar and acid content and thick periearp and low sugar and acid content and thin periearp. They were suitable to breed the new variety of tribute orange with good storage tolerance or the new line of instant tribute orange. [Conclusion] Major quantitative traits of resources population lines of Deqing tribute orange represented great difference on genetic variability. Tree age and soil type had some effects on fruit qualities of the tribute orange.