常用杀虫剂对苹果园内七星瓢虫的毒杀作用研究

Study on Toxic Effect of Insecticides on Coccinella Septempunctata in Apple Orchard

[目的]为了选择苹果树合适的无公害杀虫剂,协调化学防治和生物防治的关系。[方法]以苹果生产中常用的8种杀虫剂为材料,采用直接作用和间接作用两种设计方法,研究了杀虫剂对七星瓢虫的毒杀作用。[结果]直接作用试验结果,以4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油对七星瓢虫幼虫的毒杀作用最大,死亡率达到93.33%;20%好年冬乳油对成虫的毒杀作用最大,死亡率达到56.67%。间接取食试验结果,以20%好年冬乳油的毒杀作用最大,幼虫的死亡率达到90%,成虫的死亡率达到87%。[结论]25%阿克泰水分散剂、70%艾美乐水分散剂、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油和20%好年冬乳油对七星瓢虫的毒杀作用最大,生产中应尽量避免使用。10%浏阳霉素和1.1%苦参碱粉剂的毒杀作用最小。杀虫剂对幼虫的毒杀作用大于对成虫的毒杀作用,大部分杀虫剂胃毒作用大于触杀作用。

[Objective] The study investigated to select suitable pollution-free insecticides for apple tree and coordinate the relation of chemical control and biological control. [Method]Toxic effect of insecticides on Coccinella septempurtctata was studied by two design methods of direct and indirect effect with 8 usual insecticides in apple production as materials. [Result] In direct effect experiment, 4.5 % high active cypermethrin emulsifiable solution had strongest toxic effect on Coccinella septempurtctata larva with the mortality of 93.33 %; 20 % haoniandong emulsifiable solution had strongest toxic effect on Coccinella septempurtctata adults with the mortality of 56.67 %. In the indirect feeding experiment, 20 % haoniandong emulsifiable solution had strongest toxic effect with the larva mortality of 90 % and the adult mortality of 87 %. [Conclusion] 25 % arketai water dispering agent, 70 % imiler water dispering agent, 4.5 % high active cypermethrin emulsifiable solution and 20 % haoniandong emulsifiable solution had strongest toxic effect on Coccinella septempurtctata. 10 % liuyangmycin and 1.1% matrine powder had weakest toxic effect, which should be avoided in production. All the insecticides had stronger toxic effect on larva than on adults, and most had greater stomach poisoning than contact poisoning,