基于改进主成分分析法的全国城市化水平研究

Research into the Urbanization Levers of 31 Regions and Cities Based on the Developed Methods of Principal Component Analysis

从区域经济、人口、基础设施和生活方式等4个方面入手,构建城市化水平评价指标体系。由于传统的主成分分析法未考虑原始评价指标对评价问题的重要性上的差异,因此运用改进的主成分分析法对全国31个地区及城市城市化水平分析并排名。由改进的主成分分析法计算得到的结果看我国31个地区城市化水平有较大的差异,沿海地区、珠江三角洲地区和长江流域地区发展水平较好,西北部地区城市化进程则相对较慢,阐述了具体地区的客观经济及人文环境造成此种差异的原因,并对未来城市化发展方向讨论了一些改进思路。

This paper is to build the level of urbanization evaluation index system from the regional economy, population, infrastructure and lifestyle approach. Since traditional principal component analysis method does not consider the differences between original evaluation and the importance of the evaluation, it uses from the improved principal component methods to analysis the urbanization Levers of 31 Regions and Cities and ranks them. The concrete steps ： standardized indicators of the original data; weight standardized data;the use of AHP to calculate the index weight; to get implant and eigenvector for the feature matrix; calculation of the composite ranking score; Finally, it can be seen that the level of urbanization in China is a greater difference. Coastal areas, Zhujiang River areas and Changjiang River areas develop better, northwest urbanization is slower. It presents the concrete reasons in objective economic and cultural environment for such differences and discusses the future development direction in those areas and gives some ideas for improvement.