卫星天线臂结构优化设计的分级遗传算法

Optimal Structure Design of Satellite Antenna Mast Using Hierarchical Genetic Algorithm

为满足刚度大、强度高、质量小的设计要求,本文针对卫星天线臂的结构优化设计提出了分级遗传算法。首先,依据设计与制造要求,将天线臂结构优化设计分解为拓扑构型与杆件尺寸两级优化问题。然后,将单元材料相对密度作为基因,整体结构的相对密度作为染色体,将刚度与质量转化为适应度函数,形成拓扑构型的遗传算法。其次,在保持拓扑构型不变的条件下,将组成拓扑构型的各杆件的剖面面积作为设计变量,杆件结构的质量作为目标函数,形成杆件尺寸优化模型,通过引入遗传算子,形成第二级遗传算法。最后,给出了某卫星天线臂结构优化设计实例,证实了本文分级遗传算法的有效性。

We propose the hierarchical genetic algorithm to perform the optimal structure design of a satellite antenna mast in order to meet the design requirement for large stiffness, high strength and light mass. Firstly, we treat the optimal structure design as the optimization at two levels of topological configuration optimization and truss size optimization in accordance with the requirements of the antenna mast design and manufacturing. Secondly we form the topological configuration genetic algorithm using the relative density of element materials as its gene and the relative density vector of the whole structure of the mast as its chromosome and transforming the stiffness and mass of the mast into fitness functions. Thirdly, supposing that the topological configuration does not change, we set up the truss size optimization model using the section areas of all trusses that form the topological configuration as design variables and the mass of the truss as objective functions. Furthermore, we form the second-hierarchy genetic algorithm by introducing genetic operators. Finally, we present an instance of the optimal structure design of the antenna mast of a satellite, which confirms the effectiveness of the hierarchical genetic algorithm.