舍勒的羞感现象学

Max Scheler's Phenomenology of Shame-feeling

舍勒的羞感现象学研究在其整个情感现象学研究中占有一个独特的位置。羞感在本质上是一种具有意向性特征的个体的自身保护感受,它具有身体之羞与灵魂之羞这两种形式。作为一种意识行为,羞感不可能起源于后天的教育,而是人类经验结构中的本质要素。从身体羞感和灵魂羞感出发都可以生发出现象学的、先天的羞感伦理学,其先天性归根到底都源自于在羞感的本质现象学描述分析中被给予的身体羞感与灵魂羞感本身的先天性。

Scheler;s phenomenology of shame-feeling is unique in his whole phenomenology of feeling. In essence, the shame-feeling is that of an individual＇s self-protection, which is intentional and takes on the form of bodily shame-feeling or the spiritual one. Being a conscious act, shamefeeling is never the result of learning, but an integral part in the structure of human experience. Therefore, from both bodily and spiritual shame-feelings, a phenomenological ethics of innate shame-feeling can be developed. In the final analysis, the innateness can be traced back to such in- nateness of bodily and spiritual shame-feelings as given in the phenomenological description of shame-feeling.