老年患者跌倒预防意识与行为的调查分析

Investigation of fall and prevention awareness and behaviour among the elderly people

目的了解老年人跌倒状况,比较有无跌倒经历老人的预防跌倒意识及行为的差异,检测预防跌倒意识与行为的关系。方法选择2007年1月—2月间在上海市建工医院住院的60岁以上老年患者,200例为调查对象。通过访谈法调查跌倒状况、预防跌倒意识和行为。结果老年人年跌倒发生率为34%,跌倒大多发生在室内(64.4%),主要由腿脚无力和障碍物绊倒所致,跌倒主要造成软组织损伤(75%)、心理害怕(75%)和骨折(26%)。无跌倒经历老人的预防跌倒意识和行为均明显优于有跌倒经历老人,预防跌倒意识与行为呈正相关。结论提高老年人预防跌倒意识可促进其预防跌倒行为,从而降低跌倒发生率。

Objective To survey the fall situation, compare the prevention awareness and behaviorr between the elderly people with and without fall experience, and examine the relationship between the prevention awareness and prevention behaviour. Methods Two hundred elderly patients over 60 years old were enrolled in the study. The fall situation, prevention awareness and behaviour were investigated through interview. Restilts The annual incidence of fall was 34% and was increased by aging. The fall occurred in indoors （64.4%） due to weakness of legs or stumbling againstcertain the obstacle. The fall caused soft tissue injury （75%） ,apprehension （56.7%） and fractures （26%）. The prevention awareness and behaviour of the elderly people without fall experience were significantly superior than those with fall experience. The prevention awareness was positively related with the prevention behaviour. Conclusion Increasing the prevention awareness can promote the prevention behaviour, and thus reduce the incidence of fall among the elderly people.