中国环境保护的难点与破解之道

Difficulties in China’s Environmental Protection and the Solutions

中国环境保护事业飞速发展,在经济高速增长的同时,环境质量恶化的趋势得以减缓。但由于治理的速度仍赶不上污染的速度,环境形势依然严峻。做好新形势下的环保工作,必须加快环境与经济的融合,加快实现三个转变:一是从重经济增长轻环境保护转变为保护环境与经济增长并重;二是从环境保护滞后于经济发展转变为环境保护和经济发展同步;三是从主要用行政办法保护环境转变为综合运用法律、经济、技术和必要的行政办法解决环境问题。必须在国家战略层面将环境与经济有机结合起来,将环境保护的要求渗透到产业政策、货币政策、价格政策、财税政策和贸易政策之中,以环境友好的政策确保发展战略的顺利实施;将环境保护的领域由以生产为主,拓展到消费、分配、流通的各个环节,形成覆盖再生产全过程的环境管理体系;坚持从经济全球化的战略高度驾驭环境保护。

The environmental protection cause in China has developed rapidly： the deterioration trend of the environmental quality along with the high-speed advancement of the economy has been relieved. However, the governance speed cannot catch upon with the pollution speed, so the environmental situation is still severe. To carry out smoothly the environmental work in the new situation demands accelerating the fusion of the environment and the economy, and speeding the realization of three transformations. The first is to change the past situation which preferred economic growth to environmental protection and to lay equal importance upon both. The second is to change the past situation in which environmental protection lagged behind economic development and to keep them in the same progression pace. The third is to change the past way of management by using chiefly the administrative methods for solving environmental problems, into a comprehensive utilization of law, economy, technology, and necessary administrative means. It is obligatory to organically combine environment and economy from the perspective of state strategy. That is, the demand for environmental protection should be integrated into industrial, monetary, price, financial, and trade policies, all of which are friendly policies towards the environment so as to guarantee smooth implementation of developmental strategies. Meanwhile, the environmental protection domains should be extended from productions to all other stages, such as consumption, alignment, and circulation, which hence form an environmental management system throughout the whole reproduction process. In one word, it is a constant expectation to protect the environment from the height of economy globalization.