二语习得研究:从普遍语法到认知处理

普遍语法认为母语习得就是设置参数、学习母语边缘内容的过程，它在研究目标、内容和方法等方面对基于普遍语法的二语习得研究产生了积极的作用。由于普遍语法是针对母语习得而提出来的，而母语习得与二语习得有本质的不同，机械地以普遍语法指导二语习得研究可能会存在理论上的不适应性。二语习得的过程同时也是认知处理过程。基于普遍语法的二语习得研究主要关注二语知识的表征形式，而认知处理则更关注语言信息的计算和处理过程。两种理论取向的结合更全面地解释了二语习得的过程和探究二语知识的本质。

Universal Grammar brings positive effect on studies in second language acquisition in aspects of studying goals, contents and method. Universal Grammar,however, was put forward based on first language acquisition, which is essentially different form second language acquisition, Thus,unselectively applying the theoretical principles of Universal Grammar into the studies in second language acquisition based on Universal Grammar may produce uncertainty,because the process of second language acquisition presents some cognitive features. Studies UG-based second language acquisition focus on the presentation of second language knowledge, while cognitive theory focus on compute and processing. Combining the two theory tendencies may fascinate us to comprehensively understand the process and probe into the nature of second language acquisition.