我国农田水利设施建设存在的问题与对策——从公共产品视角进行的分析

The Problems of Construction of Farmland Water Conservancy Works and Its Policies——an analysis from perspective of public good

当前我国农田水利设施建设存在以下问题:城乡二元发展战略使其建设严重滞后;管理体制不顺、事权划分不清造成管理责任难以落实;投入总量严重不足,筹资难度大;资金的来源和投向结构不合理影响了农民的直接利益。应从公共产品视角出发解决以上问题:改变城乡二元发展战略,树立农田水利设施先行的意识;明确农田水利设施的公共产品性质,将使农民直接受益的小型农田水利设施建设纳入公共财政的支出范围;合理划分农田水利设施建设的事权和财权;建立多渠道的投入机制,加大投资投劳力度,优化投资结构。

At present there are problems in the construction of farmland water conservancy works as follows： dualistic strategies in urban and rural development result to the construction＇s lag; management system is not perfected and duties are not clear which make the management responsibilities are hard to implement; investments are not enough, collecting funds is also very difficult; the investment structures are not rational which influence directive benefit of farmers. These problems should be resolved from the perspective of public good： change the dualistic strategies in urban and rural development and place the construction of farmland water conservancy works on important position; clarify the public good nature of farmland water conservancy works, make construction of the small - scaled farmland water conservancy works from which farmers can benefit directly included in the payment scope of public finance; divide the rights of duties among governments; establish multiple in vestment system, increase total funds and optimize investment structures.