政府监管影响评估分析:国际比较与中国改革

Governmental Regulatory Impact Analysis:International Comparison and Chinese Reform

美国、欧盟和经合组织的监管影响评估分析,反映了发达市场经济国家监管改革的共识。政府建立从提出议案、制定法律法规到事后评估的监管影响评估分析制度,运用成本—收益分析或成本有效性分析的方法,评估法律法规对经济、社会和环境的影响,旨在提高监管效率。中国正在建立和完善市场监管体制,不断提高立法质量,可以借鉴和参考发达市场经济国家监管影响分析的原则、程序和方法。

The tool of regulatory impact analysis （RIA） has been widely accepted by western developed countries during their regulatory reforms. The RIA has been used from the stage of bill-submission and law making to that of ex-post evaluation on real regulatory impact of the law in those countries. For the purpose of improving regulatory efficiency, it mainly adopts an approach of cost-benefit analysis or cost-effective analysis to evaluate the impact of the laws and regulations on the economy, society and environment. The principles, procedures and techniques used by the RIA in those western countries may provide a useful reference to Chinese government for its effort in establishing and bettering its regulatory regime compatible with the market economy and even wholly improving its law-making.