管理过程中的权威作用机制

The Authority Mechanism in the Process of Management

权威是管理的基本要素之一,权威机制是组织的平衡机制之一。权威的基础来自需求、个性、认知和信仰等相关因素。组织中的权威作用关系既有理性层面的,也有非理性层面的,包含了人与人之间的权威关系和组织与个人之间的权威关系。组织管理过程中,权威机制包括:建立在个体与组织契约关系基础上的权威机制,组织职能分工体系中的权威机制,由于目标导向、价值认同带来的追随和服从,个性力量的支配和影响,社会化生活中个人被迫服从的力量。各种权威机制的作用在现实中可能会交错、融合在一起。

Authority is one of the basic factors in management, and the authority mechanism is one of the equilibrium mechanisms in organization. The base of authority comes from demand, personality, cognizance, belief and any other correlative factors. The authority mechanism in organization has both rational and irrational aspects. It contains both authority relationship between individuals and rela- tionship between individuals and the organization. In the process of management, the authority mech- anism includes many different kinds. Firstly, an authority mechanism can be based on the contract between individuals and the organization. Secondly, the authority mechanism can be in the function division of work system. Thirdly, the follow and obedience coming from target guidance and value acceptance is also an authority mechanism. Fourthly, there are the control and effect from individuality. Lastly, the strength being forced to obey by individuals in social life is another mechanism. In reality, the effect of various mechanisms may possibly intercross and fuse together.