重庆市公园7种植物群落结构对夏季微气候的改善效果

Micro-climate Improvement Effects of Seven Plant Communities in Parks of Chongqing City

利用梅花五点法测定了重庆市主城区公园的重要7种植物群落结构在夏季减少光照强度、降低温度和增加空气湿度等的指标，比较了不同群落结构对这3项小气候因素的调节效果。研究结果表明：各种植物群落结构对此3项小气候因素都有一定的调节效果，其中草地单层群落结构的调节效果最差，郁闭度〉0．6的乔灌草植物群落结构的调节效果最好。而草地单层植物群落结构在增加空气湿度方面效果明显。虽此，其与其他几种植物群落结构（除郁闭度〉0．6的乔灌草植物群落结构和郁闭度0．2～0．4的乔灌草植物群落结构处）之间差别并不明显。

The indexes of seven plant communities in parks of Chongqing city including lessening light strength, lowering temperature and increasing air humidity were measured using the five-polnt method, so as to compare the improvement effects of different communities on micro-climate. The study results showed that all the communities had improvement effects on micro-climate, the effect of one layered grass community was the worst, whereas that of communities including tree, shrub and grass with the crown density higher than 0. 6 was the best. The one layered grass community had very good effect on increasing air humidity, and had not distinct difference compared with other communities except the tree ＋ shrub ＋ grass communities.