两系杂交稻纯度控制的理论与方法

Theory and Methods of Purity Control of Two-line Hybrid Rice

研究揭示了“光温敏核不育系”育性“漂移”的本质:在多基因条件下,“变异压”和“自然选择压”使两系不育系育性逐代提升。纯合体没有育性“漂移”。在适度的高海拔地区建立鉴定和繁殖基地,通过诱变、连续的自交、株系选择或花粉培养,培育出育性双向彻底转换的株系——在同一季度内,在制种基地100%不育,同时在繁殖基地像常规稻一样结实。

The essence of ＂drift＂ in the fertility of ＂Photoperiod/thermo Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Lines （P/TGMS）＂ was revealed in this study. Under the condition of multiple genes, the ＂variation pressure＂ and ＂natural selection pressure＂ made the fertility of P/TGMS increase generation by generation. There was no ＂drift＂ in the fertility of the homozygotes. By selecting the bases with proper altitude for screening and multiplication, and through mutation, continuous self - breeding and strain selection or through anther culture, P/TGMS lines with complete fertility transformation of dual direction were developed, which displayed 100% sterility in the seed production bases but a similar fertility to conventional rice in the multiplication bases in the same season.