戊二醛消毒液杀菌效果及其影响因素的实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON GERMICIDAL EFFICACY OF GLUTARALDEHYDE DISINFECTION SOLUTION AND ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

目的研究戊二醛消毒液的卫生质量技术要求,为制定戊二醛消毒剂通用标准提供依据。方法采用载体浸泡定量杀菌、定性灭菌试验和理化分析方法对通用戊二醛溶液的杀菌效果及其影响因素进行了实验室观察。结果在室温条件下,以医用级戊二醛原料制备的20g/L戊二醛溶液对不锈钢圆片上的龟分枝杆菌脓肿亚种和枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢分别作用5min和60min,平均杀灭对数值均>3.00;作用2h达到完全杀灭。该溶液连续使用14d后,达到完全杀灭细菌芽孢需要作用5h。在试验规定条件下,杀菌效果随戊二醛浓度加大、作用时间延长而增强,戊二醛原料由医用级换为生化级其杀菌效果减弱;非离子和阳离子表面活性剂对戊二醛杀菌效果有增效作用。含量20g/L戊二醛溶液密封包装经37℃条件下存放90d,其含量下降率均<10.0%;经活化后的20g/L戊二醛溶液常温下存放28d,其含量下降率均<10.0%,且pH值变化不明显。结论含量20g/L戊二醛溶液杀菌效果可靠、性能稳定;戊二醛杀菌效果受其原料级别、配方组份、浓度以及作用时间等因素的影响。

Objective To study the technical requirement of sanitary quality of glutaraldehyde disinfection solution in order to provide basis for drawing up the universal standard of glutaraldehyde disinfectant. Methods Carrier immersion quantitative germicidal test, qualitative germicidal test and physicochemical analysis were used to carry out laboratory observation on germicidal efficacy of glutaraldehyde solution in common use and its influential factors. Results At room temperature, the average killing logarithm values of Mycobacteria chelonei subsp, abscessus and spores of Bacillus subtilis var. niger on stainless steel round coupons exposed to 20 g/L glutaraldehyde solution prepared from medical - grade glutaraldehyde raw material for 5 min and 60 min respectively were 〉 3.00 and they were completely killed after exposure for 2 h. After the solution was continuously used for 14 days, 5 h was required for completely killing the bacterial spores. Under the conditions specified by the experiment, the germicidal efficacy increased with increasing glutaraldehyde concentration and prolonging of the exposure time. When the glutaraldehyde raw material was changed from medical grade to biochemical grade, its germicidal efficacy decreased. Non - ionic and cation surfactants had synergetic effect on germicidal efficacy of glutarald＇ehyde. After 20 g/L glutaraldehyde solution in airtight packing was stored at 37℃ for 90 days, its content decreased by 〈10.0%. After the activated 20 g/L glutaraldehyde solution was stored at room temperature for 28 days, its content decreased by 〈 10.0% and its pH value had no obvious change. Conclusion 20 g/L glutaraldehyde solution has reliable germicidal efficacy and stable property. The germicidal efficacy of glutaraldehyde is influenced by the factors such as grade of its raw material, ingredients of its formula, concentration and contact time.