一起B型流感爆发的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of an outbreak of influenza B/Victoria

目的调查在江苏省涟水县清华中学爆发的一起B型流感,分析其流行特征。方法对流感个案调查表进行统汁分析,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测患者咽拭子标本中的流感病毒核酸。结果2006年2月23日至3月1日淮安市涟水县清华中学发生了一起B型流感爆发,共报告37例,罹患率为4.46%。病例年龄在13～17岁,男女病例比为6.4:1。用RT-PCR法从5例患者的咽拭子标本中检出B型流感病毒核酸,病毒分离检出2株维多利亚(Victoria)系B型流感病毒。结论流感疫苗成份应考虑包含B/维多利亚系,流行季节要做好流感疫情监测工作。

Objective The present investigation was conducted to understand the outbreak of influenza B/Victoria at Qinghua Middle School in Lianshui County of Jiangsu Province and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak. Methods The data from influenza case questionnaires were statistically analyzed. The specimens of throat swab of patients in acute phase were detected for RNA of influenza B by RT-PCR. Results Thirty-seven influenza B cases were reported at Qinghua Middle School in Lianshui County from February 23 to March 1, 2006, the attack rate being 4.46 %. The patients＇ ages ranged from 13 to 17, the sex ratio being 6.4：1. Influenza B RNA was detected from 5 patient＇s specimens of throat swab by RT-PCR, 2 of which influenza B/Victoria were isolated. Conclusion It is recommended that the influenza vaccine should contain B/Victoria, and the influenza surveillance should be further improved in epidemic seasons.