基于GIS的矿区生态环境评价

GIS-Based Assessment on Ecological Environment of Mining Area

为科学评价矿区生态环境,提出了缓冲区的概念,选定植被覆盖率、土壤侵蚀率、水体污染率、地质灾害发生率、土地资源占用和破坏率作为评价指标,通过遥感获取矿区生态环境信息,借助GIS工具对矿区生态环境进行评价,主要是利用GIS对基础数据层进行空间叠加、提取、赋值、缓冲区操作等产生新的空间特征和新的属性关系。该方法具有计算快捷、功能强等优势。

To scientifically assess the ecological environment of mining area, a concept of buffer area is proposed and the plant coverage rate, soil erosion rate, water body pollution rate, geological disaster occurrence rate, and land resource occupation and destruction rate are chosen as the indexes for the assessment. The information of the ecological environment of mining area is obtained through remote sensing and assessed by means of GIS , mainly by carrying out the operations of spatial overlapping, extraction, value assignment and buffer area on the basic data layers so as to produce new spatial characters and new attribute relations. The method has the advantages of rapid calculation and strong function.