2006年抗菌药品不良反应报告分析

Analysis of ADR case repots of antibacterial agents in 2006

目的研究深圳市2006年抗菌药品不良反应发生基本情况,评估药品不良反应报告表质量,为临床药品不良反应监测及合理用药提供参考。方法以Excel电子表格形式下载2006年药品不良反应报告表,对有关数据进行适当转换后,进行统计、分析。结果2222份药品不良反应报告共涉及12类118个抗菌药品。β-内酰胺类、喹诺酮类位于前列。药品不良反应所累及的系统-器官主要为皮肤及其附件(65%)、消化系统(19%)、神经系统(13%)。1870例(84.2%)药品不良反应由静脉给药途径所致。新的、严重的不良反应较少,报告填写质量不高。结论抗菌药品不良反应高发生率与多种因素有关,其中使用管理丞待加强,医生处方应进行规范,以减少药品不良反应发生;应加强医务人员药品不良反应知识培训,增强其报告意识和责任感,提高报告质量。

Objective To investigate the essential features of adverse drug reactions（ADR） of antibacterial agents in Shenzhen, assess the quality of ADR reports and provide information for ADR monitoring and rational drug use. Methods ADR reports of antibacterial agents in 2006 were downloaded from provincial center for ADR monitoring in terms of Excel form, Some data formats were converted or added necessarily, All items of the report form were collected and analyzed, Results 12 categories of antibacterial drugs and total 118 kinds of medicines were involved in 2 222 ADR cases, cephalosporins and fluoroqinolones ranked first and second among all the drugs. The lesions of ADR involved primarily skin and its accessories（65%）, then gastrointestinal system（19%） and nerve system（13%）, 1 870（84,2%） ADR cases were induced by the intravenous route of administration. New and severe ADR reports are few. The qualities of most reports were poor. Conclusion The multiple factors lead to the high frequency of ADR of antibacterial agents. The management of antibacterial drug use should be strengthened. Doctors＇ Prescribing preference for using antimicrobials and intravenous route of administration should be intervened so as to reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADR. ADR reporters＇cognition and responsibility should be enhanced through more training.