基于粪便DNA分析技术的东北马鹿种群遗传学研究

Genetic Research of Red Deer Population by DNA Technique

目前,栖息地的破坏是野生动物处于濒危状态的主要因素之一。东北马鹿是国家重点保护动物,近年来,人类活动的干扰使其生境明显减少并呈斑块状分布,这将使东北马鹿的种群遗传结构发生变化。然而,在野生动物遗传结构研究中,传统的取样方法直接或间接地对动物造成了伤害。因此,本文以粪便为研究材料,对来自完达山地区的9个东北马鹿样品进行mtDNA序列分析,共发现29个变异位点,定义了7个单倍型,其单倍型多样性(h)平均值为0.917、核苷酸多样性(π)平均值为2.803,种群总体遗传多样性较高。这一结果不但表明运用粪便DNA分析技术可以有效地进行马鹿遗传结构研究,而且还为野生东北马鹿的保护管理以及更加深入的研究提供基础数据资料。

Mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） was extracted from faces, collected from wild population of the red deer in Northeast China for genetic research. A DNA fragment of 342bp of 9 samples of mtDNA was amplified and sequenced. 29 polymorphic sites of single nucleotide and 7 haplotypes were identified; mean value of haplotype diversity h = 0.917, mean value of nucleotide diversity π= 2. 803, indicating the high genetic diversity of this population of the red deer. Results showed that fecal DNA technology may be applied to genetic research of wild population of red deer.