摘要
通过回顾式实验设计探讨我国体能类和技能类项目优秀运动员理想比赛心理状态结构模式之间的异同,比较体能类和技能类项目运动员比赛心理状态与有关心理影响因素之间关系的差异。多样本比较结果表明,体能类项目运动员和技能类项目运动员理想比赛心理状态不仅具有同样的结构,且因素载荷也是基本相同的。典型相关分析结果表明,在所选择的5个个体状态性心理影响因素中,主要影响体能类项目运动员理想比赛心理状态形成的心理因素是自我效能(典型负荷系数为0.858)、状态注意(典型负荷系数为0.813)和任务目标定向(典型负荷系数为0.600);主要影响技能类项目运动员理想比赛心理状态形成的心理因素是自我效能(典型负荷系数为0.925)、状态注意(典型负荷系数为0.833)、任务目标定向(典型负荷系数为0.459)、个体失败焦虑(典型负荷系数为-0.366)以及社会期待焦虑(典型负荷系数为-0.300)。
The purpose of this study was to distinguish the structure of optimal competition mental state and psychological factors influencing the occurrence of optimal mental state during competitions between skill events and strength events through retrospective design of experiment. The analysis of multiple group models supported that the factor structure of optimal competition mental state was the same in both groups. In addition, factor weights were the same in both groups. The results of canonical correlation analysis showed that in the five selected psychological factors of individual state, self -efficacy of competition （factor loading： 0. 858）, state concentration of pre-competition （factor loading： 0.813） and task orientation （factor loading： 0. 600） were the main psychological factors affecting optimal competition mental state of athletes in strength events. Moreover, it was showed that self-efficacy of competition （factor loading： 0. 925）, state concentration of pre competition （ factor loading： 0. 833）, task orientation（factor loading： 0. 459）, individual failure anxiety（factor loading：-0. 366） and social expect anxiety （factor loading ： - 0. 300） were the main psychological factors influencing optimal competition mental state of athletes in skill events by statistics.
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第7期41-45,50,共6页
China Sport Science
基金
国家体育总局应用基础研究项目(04025)
关键词
优秀运动员
心理状态
影响因素
elite athletes
mental state
influencing factors
