论我国农村土地所有权制度改革的目标与核心问题

The Goal and Core Issues with the Reform in China's Rural Land Ownership System

农村土地所有制形式的选择是我国农村土地制度改革争论的焦点。农村土地国有制是农村土地所有制改革的理想目标,农村土地集体所有制是现实可选制度。当前我国农村土地所有权制度改革的核心问题是:明确农村土地所有权主体与所有权主体代表之间的关系,以及所有权主体代表相互之间关系;国家对农民集体土地实行征收征用过程中,公共利益涵义与标准的确定;非公益性质下,让农民集体土地所有权成为完全意义上的所有权,允许农村土地的市场出让等。

In the context of the reform of China＇s rural land system, the focus of the argument is about choosing the forms of rural land ownership. The optimal goal of the reform is to realize the state ownership of rural land. Furthermore, the collective ownership of rural land is a realistic and alternative system. Meanwhile, the core problems of the systemic reform on rural land ownership, which are related to achieving farmers＇ benefit on their land, should cover the following aspects： firstly, how to clarify the relationships between the entity of ownership and its repre- sentatives, and the relationships among these representatives; secondly, during national expropriation of farmers＇ collective land, how to ensure the definition and standard of the public good ; finally, in the condition of non-public benefit, how to transfer the ownership of farmers＇ collective land to the ownership in its full sense, and allow remising the rural land by marketing remains a core issue.