陈述语气中第二人称主语与动词谓语的选择性研究

A Research on the Selectiveness between Second Person Subject and Verb Predicate in Sentences of Statement Modality

第二人称主语是陈述句的有标记主语。各类动词谓语与该主语共现时表现出不同的选择性:或整个类别受到高度限制,如自主动词等;或类别倾向于受限制,如状态动词等;或类别内部不同个体受限制情况不同,如变化动词等;或同一动词在不同语境中受限制情况不同,如某些关系动词。限制原因主要来自两个方面:违反陈述语气的语用要求或者组合构成其它语气。

The second person subject is a marked subject in statement sentences. Verbs of different groups have different relationship to second person subject when in co-occurrence. That is, the whole group is strictly restricted, e.g. volitional verbs, or tends to be restricted, e.g. stative verbs, or individual verbs within a certain group have variant restrictions with the second person subject, e.g. verbs of change, or the same verb has different restrictions in different context, e.g. certain verbs of relation. Reasons for this kind of restriction includes being contradictory to the pragmatic restriction or combining to form other kind of modalities.