比较优势理论与中国第三部门的研究

Comparative Priority Theory and Study on China Third Department

从计划经济走向市场经济体制,不仅是企业改革和经济增长的事。当经济增长取得长足进步时,就必然会对其他领域,尤其是社会领域产生影响。如果社会领域的改革跟不上,具体而言,就是老百姓在社会领域的基本需求得不到满足的时候,经济增长带来的社会结果很可能会异化甚至走向其反面。从国际经验和中国20多年来的改革实践看,一个能够自我生存和自我发展的"社会领域",可能也应该是一个独立于政府和市场之外的"部门"。本文以英国伦敦经济学院的比尔斯和格伦内斯特提出的关于"第三部门"的"比较优势理论"为理论框架来讨论国内学术界对"第三部门"的认识以及"第三部门"在我国的发展现状,并对此作出了理论上的归纳。

It is not a mere matter of enterprise reform or economic increase to move from planned economy to market economic institution. The economic increase is certain to influence other fields, especially social fields. If social reform cannot follow it, alienation would take place. From international experience and Chinese reform practice in the past 20 years, a ＂social field＂ of self-survival and self-development could be counted as a ＂department＂ independent of government and market. This paper discusses the ＂third department＂ first proposed by D. Billis and H. Glennerster, and its development in China. Some theoretical conclusions are drawn from our discussions.