学会放弃——论“体育人文社会学”研究中的四个根本性问题

Learning to Abandon: Four Essential Problems in the Study of the Human and Sociology in Sports

试图去解决存在于中国体育人文社会学研究领域中的如下4个根本性问题:(1)建立“体育哲学”学科的虚幻。哲学的“元性质”表现为它要关注各种学科,而哲学的能力表现为能够在“元性质”的水平上制造和解决问题。(2)虚假的“百家争鸣”学术氛围。福柯的“权力理论”表明,任何时代的社会知识和话语都具有“权力背景”,今天的中国体育人文社会学研究领域所具有的“文化生态环境”在表面上看来至少不逊色于先秦时期的那种“百家争鸣”的情境,但却缺少了“百花齐放”的效果。(3)构建“大体育观”的梦幻。一种文化现象只要存在,它就有着摩尔式的“因其本身的缘故而值得存在的”理由。体育由于被赋予了“全能教育”的功能而变成了一种缺少捕捞能力的“大鱼网”。(4)信守“科学主义”的误区。作为一种针对人的身体教育现象进行研究的理论体系,体育学从根本上来说是人文性的,按照海德格尔的看法,科学只需要日常性思维,人文学才要求创造性的思想。

In this paper, the authors tried to solve the four problems in the field of human and sociology in sports. First, there is an imaginary to establish a branch as sport philosophy. Philosophy focuses on each subject and can solve problems on a level of ＂meta-ness＂. Second, there is a false sense of ＂letting a hundred of school of thought contend＂. The ＂theory of power＂ from Foucault shows that any social knowledge and utterance do have the ＂background of power＂ at any times. Today in China, the studying field of human and sociology in sports is in a ＂cultural ecological environment＂ which at least is as good as that of ＂letting a hundred of school of thought contend＂ during the period of ＂Warring States＂, but few results of ＂letting a hundred flowers blossom＂ are achieved. Third, there is a dream of building a generalized conception of sport. Once a culture exists, there must be a reason. Last, there is a misleading of scientism. As a theoretical system to study human health education, sport sciences has a nature of human sciences.