陕西省蔬菜根结线虫拮抗真菌的分离与初步鉴定

Isolation and identification of antagonistic fungi on vegetable root-knot nematodes in Shaanxi Province

为了了解陕西省内的根结线虫生防资源,筛选更好的根结线虫生防菌,在陕西省9个县市采集了118份感染根结线虫的蔬菜植株根部样品,采用直接分离法从根结线虫卵、卵囊及雌成虫体上共分离到199株拮抗真菌。除43株不产孢及疑难种未鉴定外,其余分属于镰刀菌属、拟头孢霉属、芽枝霉属、拟青霉属、链格孢属、掘氏梅里霉属、单顶孢属、青霉属等22个属。其中镰刀菌属、拟头孢霉属及芽枝霉属真菌出现频率较高,约占总分离数的53%,且不同地区间拮抗真菌的种类与数量也存在较大差异。

To investigate the bio-control resources and obtain better effective antagonistic fungi to control root-knot nematode, 118 vegatable root samples infected by root-knot nematodes were collected from 9 counties of Shaanxi Province. 199 antagonistic fungal isolates were isolated respectively from eggs, egg masses and females of root-knot nematodes. These antagonistic fungi were identified to 22 genera, including Fusarium, Cephalosporiopsis , Paecilomyces , Cladosporium , Alternaria , Drechmeria , Monacrosporium , Penicillium etc and 43 sterile fungi. The isolation frequency of Fusarium spp. , Cephalosporiopsis spp. and Cladosporium spp. took up 53 %, and the species and the amount of antagonistic fungi of different samples were distinctly different in the regions.